一、图形种类及概述法:
数据图表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 饼图:pie chart 表格图:table直方图或柱形图:bar chart / histogram 趋势曲线图:line chart / curve diagram
流程图或过程图:flow chart / sequence diagram 程序图:processing/procedures diagram
圆柱图:column chart
描述:show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict
以下是一些较常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,
figures/statistics shows ...
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures ...
二、data的具体表达法
增加:increase / raise / rise / go up / grow/ jump/ ascend
减少:decrease / grow down / drop / fall/decline/reduce/ descend
波动:fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...
稳定:remain stable / stabilize / level off ...
最常用的两种表达法:
1. Verb+Adverb form
The number of XXX
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...
+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...
+from to / between and
2. Adjective+Noun form
There was a sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation
+in the number of XXX from to / between and
描述稳定的data:
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from to / between and
The number of XXX stayed the same from to / between and
There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from to / between and
描述不同状态的data
Noun form:
steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop
Verbal form:
bottom out / reach the bottom / increase gradually / reach a plateau / remain steady
描述the highest point以及the lowest point
高点极值:
The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...
+peaked in <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX
或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX
低点极值:
XXX bottomed out / reached
+rock / the bottom / a low point
或者hit a trough
此外,在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences,最常用的固定搭配如下:
并列: as well as, also, as well, either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ...
举例: for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially
事实: as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ...
雷同/近似:similarly, likewise, at the same time, equally ...
转折: however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead , in spite of, despite of ...
原因与结果
1. cause-suggestion
since / now that ...; I hope that...
because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + sth, I hope that...
2. cause-effect
XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ...
, therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / so ...
3. effect-cause
XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ...
, because ...
it is adj. that ...
it is unimaginable that ...
it is undeniable that ...
it is interesting to discover that ...
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